1 Dobrudzha Agricultural Institute - General Toshevo, 9521, General Toshevo, Bulgaria
2 Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen, College in Dobrich, Dobrich, Bulgaria
Резюме
The effect of the water deficiency on the formation of traits related to productivity
was studied in common winter wheat cultivars from the gene pool of DAI –
General Toshevo. The resistance of these varieties to abiotic stress (low negative
temperature and drought) was evaluated. It was found that spike length and 1000
kernel weight were least affected by drought, followed by length of stem, number
of grains in spike and number of productive tillers. Highest reduction was found
in weight of grain in spike. The yield under irrigation depended mainly on 1000
kernel weight and was equally influenced by the number of productive tillers and
by the weight of grain in spike. Under drought, the yield was determined primarily by the productive tillering and the number of grains in spike, followed by weight
of grain in spike. The yield under drought was in strong correlation with the date
to heading. Cultivars Prairie Red and Yumar entered the heading stage earliest.
They possess good productivity and tolerance to drought. Under drought, cultivars
Prairie Red, Wesley, Yumar, Prowers, Wahoo and Cougar largely maintained their
high number of productive tillers. According to their cold resistance, all studied
cultivars corresponded to the level of the standard Bezostaya 1, which is sufficient
for the growing conditions of this region.
