Comparative assessment of agrotechnical solutions for the soil and climatic conditions of Sofia Valley
Ivan Dimitrov • Nikolay Traykov • Martin Nenov • Vanya Lozanova • Kostadinka Nedyalkova
Institute of Soil Science, Agrotechnologies and Plant Protection, Sofia, Bulgaria
Резюме
At the present stage of development of agricultural practices, corrections are
necessary in the quantitative and qualitative parameters of agro-technical solutions.
The aim of the study is to make a comparative assessment of the results of the
application of agro-technical solutions for different soil and climatic conditions of
the Sofia field.
The study was conducted over a three-year period in two field trials based on the
block method, which tested three factors - soil-climatic conditions, soil treatment
and fertilization.
The productivity of crop rotation, agro-technical factors studied, is largely
determined by fertilization (64.06% of total data variation). Climate conditions
are the second most important factor. Statistically proven (with p <0.1% error) is also the impact of the applied processing system, with higher productivity being
observed in the O1 (processing system including deep loosening for maize during
the first year and plowing as pre-sowing soil treatment for wheat) . The applied
agro-technical measures have the most significant impact on soil strength, followed
by density and moisture content. In the Cleyic-Chromic Luvisoils at the end of the
three-year rotation there is a slight decrease of the digestible nitrogen, with the
fertilized variants being from 2.9 to 5.6 mg / kg of soil. It has a tendency to raise
the pH, with values ranging from 4.7-4.9 changing to 5.0-5.5, which is explained
by the use of calcium ammonium nitrate and ammophos. There is a certain decrease
in the content of digestible forms of potassium, especially in zero fertilization.
Different tillage systems affect positively or negatively the individual groups of
microorganisms in the years under study, depending on the type of crop and its
phase of vegetation.