‘Pukliv two’ – À new popping dry bean variety (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Dimitar Genchev • Ivan Kiryakov
Dobrudzha Agricultural Institute - General Toshevo, 9521, General Toshevo, Bulgaria
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Nunas are a type of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) which burst and expand during rapid heating. The seeds increase in volume 2.5 times, the seed coat breaks, the cotyledons acquire the structure of a peanut, even to the leblebi. Popping beans have been and still are grown and consumed almost exclusively at high elevations in the Andes of Peru and Bolivia. In traditional Andean cooking, nunas are roasted in sand or oil. Nunas can also be popped in hot air or microwave ovens. The advantage of nunas over conventional (non-popping) bean genotypes is shorter cooking time. This difference is especially important at fuel-scarce high elevation. Popping of nunas requires less than 2-3 min, while cooking of beans in boiling water may require more than an hour for cotyledons to become soft. Nunas do not require additional cooking after popping. The expansion of cotyledon mesophyll in popped nunas came primarily from expansion of cell walls and secondarily by expansion of the intercellular spaces. Nunas seeds look exactly like ordinary bean varieties, except they have a thick and hard seed coat. They are white, red and black in spots and patterns or monochromatic.
Pukliv two variety was created in DAI - General Toshevo through multiple individual selection of individual plants in a hybrid population GD 09-17 [GD 1-59-83-1 [Kodiak / 4 / DG 96-25 (Halo / A 769 // Garmen / 3 / Fracture / Zornitsa // Desislava] / 5 / Pukliv one].
The growing season of ‘Pukliv two’ is the same as that of ‘Blyan’ and ‘Elixir’ varieties; 2 days earlier than that of the ‘Ustrem’ and ‘Plovdiv 10’ varieties; 4 days earlier than that of the ‘Abritus’, ‘Beslet’, ‘Vezhen’ and ‘Scitiya’ varieties; 5 days earlier than that of the ‘Dobrudzhansky 7’ variety.
The main stem and branches of the ‘Puklev Two’ variety end with a vegetative bud. The plant is without or with a weak tendril and is not lodging (IIb type). The hypocotyl is green. Depending on the environmental conditions, the height of the plant ranges from 55 to 65 cm.
The beans are located in the upper 4/5 of the plant. The variety is sown in a separate crop without supports. All this makes the ‘Pukliv two’ variety suitable for direct harvesting with a combine.
The leaves are green in color; medium relief; medium sized; strongly pilosity above and weak below; with a quadrangular shape and a middle and pointed apex.
The flowers are with pink standard and pink wings, green keel and small bract.
The pods are medium-long and medium-narrow, rounded, with a small ratio of thickness:width, green during the growing season, with a string, concave longitudinal shape, strongly curved, slightly truncated apex, with weakly rough texture of surface, medium-long and medium-curved beak.
The seeds are white, with medium veining and medium glossines. The longitudinal shape is kidney and cross shape - elliptical. The weight of 1000 seeds is 300 ± 15 g and the hectoliter weight is 76.2 ± 1.2 kg. They are with very good taste and cooking time of 105 ± 10 min. Protein content was 20.9 ± 1.1%.
‘Pukliv two’ variety has a highly sensitive response of both leaves and pods to common bacterial blight strains (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli) and to fuscus strains (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. fuscans). For race 1 and race 6 of the halo blight, both the leaves and the pods of the ‘Pukliv two’ variety are resistant. Relative to the Ss-1 isolate of the Sclerotinia ‘Pukliv two’ variety is sensitive on the 15th day after inoculation. Race 6 of the anthracnose ‘Pukliv two’ is resistant and race 1 is sensitive. ‘Pukliv two’ variety is sensitive to the systemic form of a common bean mosaic (CBM).
Key words:Phaseolus vulgaris; a new variety dry bean; DUS – difference, uniformity and stability; BFT – biological and farm traits; anthracnose; white mold; bacterial blight; halo blight; bacterial wilt; direct harvesting.
