Прояви на хетерозис на някои количествени признаци при два късни царевични хибриди
Пенка Вълчинкова
Институт по царевицата, Кнежа 5835, България
Резюме
During 2014 – 2015 field experiments were carried out with maize hybrids Kn 613
and Kn 711 in Maize Research Institute – Knezha.The traits studied are: number
of above ground nodes, number of tassel branches and grain yield elements – ear
length, ear weight and kernel weight. Mid-parent and better parent heterosis (MPH
and BPH) degrees of dominance were found, and the inbred depression in F2 for
every investigated trait. High level of heterosis events are found for grain weigh, ear
weight and number of tassel branches, and weaker one for number of nodes and ear
length of studied hybrids. Higher heterosis regarding grain yield elements possesses
Kn 711 hybrid. Degrees of dominance in F1 and F2 point out, that heterosis is due
to positive overdominance, dominance and epistasis for the separate traits. The
degree of depression is most expressed in cases with high heterosis. Environments
in different years of the trail render influence on heterosis variation, but they not
change the trend of genetic control at in heritance of the traits.
Key words: BPH, Degrees of dominance in F1 and F2, Inbred depression, Maize
hybrids, MPH
