The V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat, Tsentralne village, Myronivka district, Kyiv region, Ukraine, 08853
Резюме
Search and creation of breeding sources is of great importance to expand genetic diversity
of varieties. The studying source material as basis of breeding determines its efficiency.
Under conditions of global climate change, breeders need sources of valuable traits with
genes controlling the resistance of plants to abiotic and biotic factors of the environment.
Based on mutual agreement on cooperation in winter wheat breeding between Myronivka
and Bulgarian breeders, in 1987-2013 there have been studied Bulgarian samples in order
to create new source material. Contrast weather conditions in the years of the research
well showed the instability of climatic conditions in the zone of Right-bank Forest-Steppe
of Ukraine, which made it possible to obtain objective results. In the conditions of the
Ukrainian Forest-Steppe, features of complex valuable traits in 1470 breeding samples from
the Institute for Wheat and Sunflower “Dobroudja” (hereinafter Dobrudzha Agricultural
Institute) were defined. The sources of productivity, high winter hardiness, short stem, and
group resistance to diseases have been identified to use in breeding programs for creation
of bread winter wheat varieties and intermediate forms. In samples of Bulgarian breeding
such traits as cropping season duration, plant height, lodging resistance were revealed to
be the most stable, whereas brown rust resistance, frost resistance, grain yield and flour
strength were the most variable ones. It was shown that in 72.1% of the cases, the relationship
between these seven traits was weak, which allowed to combine the useful traits with
high level of their performance in the conditions of the Ukrainian Forest-Steppe. Correlation
analysis of agronomic traits confirmed the availability of genotypes combining high
grain yield, winter hardiness, earliness, grain-size with good baking quality. There were
identified the sources 2579-30-19, 853/ 7-44-38, Rusalka, Pliska, Milena, Lilia, 836/87-2,M-1022-6567, 6687-12, 1769-64, DM-62-44 combining the sufficient level of productivity
and other valuable traits. When involving these sources in crosses and further selecting,
the new varieties Myrych, Myrliena, Berehynia myronivska, Hospodynia myronivska, MIP
Vyshyvanka and MIP Kniazhna have been developed. They are resulted from the successful
international cooperation of Ukrainian and Bulgarian wheat breeders.
Key words: Bulgarian sample, Productivity, Variety, Winter wheat
